Prolapse & Incontinence
Prolapse
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) occurs when the pelvic organs, such as the uterus, bladder, or rectum, descend and protrude into the vaginal canal due to weakened or damaged pelvic floor muscles and ligaments. The pelvic floor provides support to these organs, and any weakening can result in prolapse.
Although not a dangerous or life-threatening condition, pelvic organ prolapse can be very uncomfrtoable and can impact on a woman’s quality of life.
There are different types of prolapse, depending on which organ is affected:
- 1. Uterine Prolapse: This occurs when the uterus descends into the vaginal canal. It is commonly associated with childbirth, menopause, and factors that strain the pelvic floor, like chronic constipation or heavy lifting.
- 2. Cystocele: It happens when the bladder bulges into the vagina. This condition is often seen in women who have given birth vaginally or experienced prolonged labor.
- 3. Rectocele: This type involves the rectum protruding into the vaginal wall. It is commonly associated with childbirth and chronic constipation.
- 4. Enterocele: It occurs when the small intestine presses against the vaginal wall. This type of prolapse is more common in women who have had a hysterectomy.
Symptoms of Prolapse
The symptoms of prolapse can vary depending on the severity and the organs involved. Common signs include:
- A feeling of strong pressure or heaviness in the pelvic area.
- The sensation of a "bulge or protrusion" in the vagina.
- Experiencing difficulty or pain during sexual intercourse.
- Problems with bladder and bowel function, such as urinary incontinence or constipation.
- Backache or pelvic pain.
- Vaginal bleeding or spotting.
Urinary Incontinence
Urinary incontinence refers to the involuntary leakage of urine. It is a prevalent condition believed to affect 50% of adult women, especially as they age, and is often a cause of embarrasment; thus affecting a woman’s quality of life as she restricts her social activities. Urinary incontiencne can range in severity from occasional mild leaks to complete loss of bladder control.
Fortunately, there are now numerous treatment options that can be offered by Dr Shammas for urinary incontinence and she has successfully treated many women of all ages.
There are several types of urinary incontinence:
- 1. Stress Incontinence: This occurs when pressure is placed on the bladder during activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as sneezing, laughing, or lifting heavy objects. It is usually caused by weakened pelvic floor muscles.
- 2. Urge Incontinence: Also known as "overactive bladder," this type involves a sudden and intense urge to urinate, often resulting in an involuntary loss of urine. It can be caused by an overactive detrusor muscle in the bladder.
- 3. Overflow Incontinence: This occurs when the bladder does not empty properly, leading to frequent or constant dribbling of urine. It is often caused by an obstruction in the urinary tract or weak bladder muscles.
- 4. Mixed Incontinence: Some women may experience a combination of stress and urge incontinence.
Causes of Incontinence
Several factors can contribute to the development of urinary incontinence in women:
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- Pregnancy and childbirth: Vaginal delivery can stretch and weaken the pelvic floor muscles and damage nerves.
- Menopause: Declining estrogen levels can lead to changes in the urinary tract and pelvic floor.
- Aging: Muscles in the bladder and urethra may weaken with age.
- Obesity: Excess weight can put pressure on the bladder and pelvic organs.
- Certain medical conditions: Neurological disorders, diabetes, and chronic coughing can contribute to incontinence.
Treatment Options
Dr Shammas has a number of treatments for the management of prolapse and incontinence which depend on the severity of the condition and its impact on the patient’s life. In mild cases, lifestyle modifications, pelvic floor exercises (Kegels), and dietary changes may be recommended. In more severe cases, medical interventions such as pessaries (devices to support organs), medications, or surgical procedures might be necessary.
Surgical options offered by Dr Shammas for prolapse may include vaginal repairs or the use of synthetic mesh to provide additional support to the pelvic organs. For incontinence, treatments like bladder training, medication, or the use of medical devices (like a urethral sling) may be considered. It is essential for women experiencing these conditions to seek medical advice to explore the most suitable treatment plan tailored to their specific needs. It’s important not to allow emabarrasment over this common condition prevent you from seeking professional medical help.
In conclusion, prolapse and incontinence are common gynecological conditions that can significantly impact a woman’s quality of life. Early detection, proper diagnosis, and appropriate management are crucial in effectively addressing these conditions and improving the overall well-being of affected individuals. Seeking timely medical attention and adopting preventive measures can help women maintain a healthy and active lifestyle. Dr Shammas has successfully treated many women with these conditions and will be able to advise the best options available at your consultation.
